Meditation, often hailed as a panacea for stress and mental health issues, may not be as universally beneficial as commonly believed. Recent research indicates that meditation can sometimes exacerbate mental health problems, leading to adverse effects such as anxiety, depression, and even psychosis.
Key Takeaways
- Meditation can lead to adverse mental health effects, including anxiety, depression, and psychosis.
- Over 10% of regular meditators report significant negative impacts lasting at least one month.
- Mindfulness practices are often promoted without adequate warnings about potential risks.
- Ethical concerns arise regarding the promotion of mindfulness without disclosing possible adverse effects.
Historical Context
Mindfulness, a form of Buddhist-based meditation, has been practiced for over 1,500 years. The Dharmatrāta Meditation Scripture, an ancient text, already documented symptoms of depression, anxiety, and cognitive anomalies associated with meditation. Despite its long history, the potential negative impacts of meditation have only recently gained scientific attention.
Recent Research Findings
In the past eight years, scientific research has surged in this area. A 2022 study involving 953 regular meditators in the US found that over 10% experienced adverse effects that significantly impacted their daily lives for at least a month. A 2020 review of over 40 years of research identified anxiety and depression as the most common adverse effects, followed by psychotic or delusional symptoms, dissociation, and depersonalization.
Western Awareness
The Western world has been aware of these adverse effects for some time. In 1976, Arnold Lazarus, a pioneer in cognitive-behavioral science, warned that indiscriminate use of meditation could induce serious psychiatric problems. Despite this, the mindfulness industry, worth $2.2 billion in the US alone, rarely warns users about these risks.
Ethical Implications
Is it ethical to promote mindfulness without mentioning its potential for harm? Many instructors and resources fail to inform users about the risks, often advising those who experience adverse effects to continue meditating. Research on how to practice meditation safely is still in its infancy, leaving a gap in clear guidance.
Resources and Recommendations
For those interested in meditation, it’s crucial to be aware of the potential risks. Resources are available, including websites by meditators who have experienced adverse effects and academic handbooks on the topic. In the US, a clinical service led by a mindfulness researcher is dedicated to helping those with acute and long-term problems related to meditation.
Conclusion
While meditation can offer benefits, it’s essential to approach it with caution and awareness of its potential risks. As research continues to evolve, both practitioners and the public need to be informed about the possible adverse effects to make educated decisions about their mental health practices.
Sources
- Meditation can be harmful – and can even make mental health problems worse, The Conversation.
